Stroke recovery varies for each individual, but there are general patterns of motor recovery that experts have identified. These patterns help us understand the stages a person may go through after a stroke. Here are the Brunnstrom stages of stroke recovery:
- Flaccidity (Stage One):
- Occurs immediately after a stroke.
- Muscles are weak, limp, or even “floppy.”
- Damage in the brain prevents messages from reaching certain areas of the body to move.
- If flaccidity lasts too long, significant muscle mass and strength can be lost.
- Exercises during this stage include range of motion exercises, positioning, sensory reeducation, and hand-over-hand assists during daily activities.
- Spasticity Appears (Stage Two):
- Occurs as the brain begins to recover.
- Muscles become stiff and resistant to movement.
- Spasticity can affect both the upper and lower limbs.
- Physical and occupational therapists work on managing spasticity during this stage.
- Increased Spasticity (Stage Three):
- Spasticity becomes more pronounced.
- Movement patterns may emerge, but they are still limited.
- Therapists focus on maintaining joint flexibility and preventing contractures.
- Decreased Spasticity (Stage Four):
- Spasticity starts to decrease.
- Movement becomes more coordinated.
- Therapists work on improving functional movements.
- Complex Movement Combinations (Stage Five):
- Movements become more purposeful and coordinated.
- Patients can perform more complex tasks.
- Therapists emphasize functional activities.
- Spasticity Disappears (Stage Six):
- Spasticity continues to decrease.
- Patients regain more control over their movements.
- Fine motor skills improve.
Remember that everyone’s recovery journey is unique, and there are no guarantees regarding the timeline or progress through these stages. Additionally, these stages primarily address motor recovery and do not cover other areas like speech, vision, or cognition. If you or someone you know is recovering from a stroke, working closely with healthcare professionals can help tailor rehabilitation to individual needs. 🌟
